Guide: Screen sizes and Dots per Inch (DPI)

When you're looking for a laptop (or any type of screen), one of the things you should look at is the screen resolution. Some people care more about the size of the screen, but to me, it's both the size and the resolution that are important. The more pixels on the screen, the more stuff you can see at once.

While shopping recently for a laptop, I kept coming back to the question of: "Will the display resolution at this screen size be too big or small for me to read comfortably?" My current monitor has a nice size, and I wanted to be able to compare my monitor with the laptops out there. Of course, I can't take my monitor everywhere to compare.

This led me to the idea of looking at the DPI, or "Dots Per Inch". DPI measures how many dots (pixels) there are in 1 inch across or down on the screen. Because this measurement is specifically tied to a physical measurement, you can be sure that no matter what the resolution of the screen is, the DPI will tell you exactly how it will look.

I calculated the DPI for many common screen sizes at common resolutions, allowing a very direct comparison of DPI for these different screens. Here are the charts, broken down by aspect ratio (and you thought that learning the pythagorean theorem and all about sine/cosine/tangents was useless!):

<caption>Widescreen Format (16:10) Display DPI Resolution</caption>

Diagonal (inches)	2560x1600 (WQXGA)	1920x1200 (WUXGA)	1680x1050 (WSXGA+)	1440x900 (WXGA+)	1280x800 (WXGA)
12.1	250x249	187x187	164x164	140x140	125x125
13.3	227x227	170x170	149x149	128x128	114x113
14.1	214x214	161x160	141x140	120x120	107x107
15	201x201	151x151	132x132	113x113	101x101
15.4	196x196	147x147	129x128	110x110	98x98
17	178x177	133x133	117x116	100x100	89x89
19	159x159	119x119	104x104	89x89	79x79
20	151x151	113x113	99x99	85x85	76x75
22	137x137	103x103	90x90	77x77	69x69
24	126x126	94x94	83x82	71x71	63x63
27	112x112	84x84	73x73	63x63	56x56
30	101x101	76x75	66x66	57x57	50x50

<caption>Standard Format (4:3) Display DPI Resolution</caption>

Diagonal (inches)	1600x1200 (UXGA)	1400x1050 (SXGA+)	1280x960	1024x768 (XGA)
12.1	165x165	145x145	132x132	106x106
14.1	142x142	124x124	113x114	91x91
15	133x133	117x117	107x107	85x85
17	118x118	103x103	94x94	75x75
19	105x105	92x92	84x84	67x67
20	100x100	87x88	80x80	64x64

<caption>SXGA (5:4) Display DPI Resolution</caption>

Diagonal (inches)	1280x1024 (SXGA)
12.1	135x135
14.1	116x116
15	109x109
17	96x96
19	86x86
20	82x82

Some of those size/resolution combinations don't exist (you'll probably never be able to get a 12.1" screen with a resolution of 2560x1600).

OK, how do you use these charts?

1. Figure out the resolution and size of your current display. To find the size of your display, take out a ruler and measure diagonally from corner to corner. To find the resolution, right-click on your desktop, choose Properties, then go to the settings tab. You will see a slider with the "screen resolution" listed.
2. Look up your monitor on the chart. For example: if you have a standard (4:3) format 17" display, with a resolution of 1400x1050, then your DPI is 103x103.
3. Now you can look at other DPI numbers in the chart and see what else matches up to your monitor.

One thing that many people worry about is if "things will be too small" on the monitor. It's true that the higher the resolution and DPI (bigger numbers), the smaller pictures and fonts will be on the screen. However, you can adjust the font settings to compensate for this on the Display control panel, using "Large fonts", or you can specify what DPI you have. This can make some of the Windows UI look out of proportion, though I hear that in Vista this should not happen. The advantage of doing this is that you will see much better resolution with photos, and fonts will also display more clearly (kind of like using cleartype). Many programs (like MS Office, Firefox) also have a "zoom" feature, that lets you make the fonts look bigger on the screen without changing how big they will be when printed.

Some notes on DPI:

• Bigger numbers mean smaller letters on the screen.
• Windows generally assumes you have a 96dpi display, no matter what you ACTUALLY have. At the moment, it's not possible (AFAIK) for Windows to automatically know what the actual DPI is without you telling it.
• I'm not sure how much this relates to DPI settings in Photoshop or other programs like that
• You can compare this to printed paper too. As far as I know, printed material is usually around 300 dpi.

If there are other sizes or resolutions you'd like to see added, let me know.

Greg's Example: 15.4" Screens and Various Resolutions and their differences
I tried to stay as consistent as possible for all the pictures, i.e. same distance from them, highest brightness settings, same camera resolution, etc, etc. I also tried to get all the screens to take up as much of the camera picture as possible.



Anyway...
Each and every series of pictures is arranged from left to right: WXGA, WSXGA+, WUXGA (or rather 1280x800, 1680x1050, and 1920x1200).

NBR Front Page


NBR Forum Page


Desktop Icons (Yes, Vista and XP but I made sure all icons were at classic size with same DPI settings.)


Window (This window was known to be the same number of pixels on all three laptops)

 

Great Post man. I actually did the same thing when i got my present lappy.

 

Ctrl plus(+) will zoom in and Ctrl minus(-) will zoom out.on most browsers and office,works. so if you want to see more or have bad eyes .try it

 

This should def. be a sticky.

 

Vista is perfect in this respect, no distortion. On my laptop the secreen is 10.6" with resolution 1280x768 which some people call 'low' I was afraid I will go blind very soon so small everything was. As I type a lot I first thought ctrl +/- will do, but it didn't help much as all menu, folders names, everything else in windows stays impossibly tiny!

Finally I googled it and found out about DPI settings, in Vista there is normal setting (100% , and the next one if I remember correctly 150% (or 200%?) Doesn't matter, because in addition it also lets you to set your own percentage which ever you like. And everything went a bit bigger - even dimensions of toolbars, etc in folders and on the desktop - everything is in proportion to the size of text you set. So it rocks.

Oh and antoher thing, in Vista you can also change the pointers according to size. I noticed because after everything whent larger I kept losing the pointer while I was typing as it was too small, which was annoying. Well in the 'mouse' options there is plenty of different pointers, but what is nice is that aero theme pointers come in 3 sizes - default (the smallest), large and x-large. I set x-large it was great.

Totally happy with my lappy now

 

I just spent 30 minutes making this same FAQ to respond to someone's question on what screen resolution they should get in the Dell forum.



Oh well. Life goes on.

 

Hey, man, I didn't ask for a FAQ, just for a recommendation on a specific computer. I do appreciate your help, but don't get mad at me.

 

It actually wasn't your question. Don't worry about it. I'm just annoyed at myself.

 

great guide. Is there one for 17"?

 

Yes, this one. You can read the DPI of 17" in the table.

 

great guide

 

nice thanks i will go for the 1680 now that i see its not that bad

 

One can specify DPI in display settings, and there increasing DPI means fonts get bigger.
Why ????
What does it mean for windows to "assume" a dpi of 96, irrespective of the actual dpi ?


Also, how did you compute the dpi ?

 

A screens DPI (dots per inch), should be called PPi (pixels per inch) and is meant to compare screens. The windows Setting is for when the PPi is too high. It allows you to scale programs that are PPi aware so that they look bigger. So a 8pt font on a 120ppi screen and 120dpi setting should be the same size as a 8pt font on 96ppi screen and 96dpi setting.

 

Most desktop monitors are on or about 96dpi. When windows assumes this setting it means that the size of text on the screen and the size of text on paper will be the same.

John

 

Actually, if you look at the tables in the guide, they range from 90 to 120. Spelling that out is sort of the point of this guide

 

He means traditionally most desktop monitors were about 96dpi, which is why Windows is calibrated to 96dpi by default (since it was impossible for windows to check the actual dpi).

 

What version of Vista do you need for the dynamic size adjustment of everything with a change in the DPI setting? Will it work on any version of Vista?

 

It will work on any version.

 

What's the dpi for 13.3" widescreen notebooks with 1280x800 resolution?

 

113.5x113.5

 

I updated the guide with 13.3. Thanks for the suggestion!

 

I have a 17" 5:4 screen at 1280x1024 (96dpi). It's pretty sweet to have things at their intended size without hacks. This is really helpful for documents and like.

 

This confirms my res choice for the new notebook I just ordered, thanks!

 

This should be a sticky.

 

This a wonderful article. I've been wanting to buy a T61p, but have been nervous that I would go blind because of the WSXGA+ resolution on a 15.4" screen. Since I know no one who runs that resolution on a 15.4" screen and none of the stores have such a notebook in stock, I had no way of knowing whether I could manage a lot of word processing at such a high resolution.

I am comforted by the assurance that the Vista capability for adjusting font size actually works well.

 

This brings up an excellent question...(and I apologize if this is a necrobump, I don't mean to.)

I changed the DPI per the directions and it worked nicely, I can read things so much easier now.

However, when I use this as a desktop, I sit on my bed, put the laptop on my TV and set the resolution to 800 x 600 so I can see everything from this distance. The question is, will a lower resolution on a constant basis, hurt the LCD when it's made specifically for a much higher res?

Also, will the change in DPI cause problems with this setup?

 

This should be stickied other than the fact it's terminology Dot's per inch. Is largely reserved for printers. And used in this way while understood by many is not technically correct.

Well have issues? As Fara already pointed out it is correctly called pixels per inch. It exists and it has a name.

The charts at the beginning of the thread can already be found in the " Dot Pitch" article on Wiki.

Why am I troubled by this? Especially in a beginners area? I am more bothered by this in a beginners area than an advanced area. The new to this will go out with an in stone concept of DPI that is of questionable correctness in this context. ppi is the correct and more useful term. Why? What does it matter? OK well a pixel is made of multiple sub-components that make the pixel. DPI used correctly (printers) would comparatively be the sub-component of that pixel. It is the drop of a color a printer can make. Used here it is the equivalent of many "dots" on a printer to create the equivalent of a pixel.

I am not trying to be crusty on this but there is enough loose terms already. It even creates confusion among experts. Ever tried to read a Microsoft document? Not an easy read my friends. Pointlessly difficult.

Change the term from dpi to ppi and all my arguments go out the window. Even after Fara used the correct term people still insist on using the less preferred term (incorrect). That kind of amazed me. Maybe the pendulum has already swung too far?

And for all you kids here is a calculator for ppi (dpi?).

And a side note because of the sloppy use of the term we will likely face a similar issue as the HDD capacity? Well since the printer dot is the equivalent of a sub-pixel. MFG's will start using the sub-pixel once the misuse of DPI is wide spread. Then courts will have to rule? Oh just so you know this has already happened before you dismiss me as a nut. It is the auto industry that has led the pack.

Why not learn and use precise terms? It is not like we lacked for a term? It was those who do not know who proliferate this at best imprecise/sloppy/bad usage and at worst incorrect usage.

Alright fellas go back to your discussion. Never mind.

 

awesome post, thanks.