*Official UL30VT-X1 Owners Lounge*

I can use the graphics button or switch to battery to switch to the integrated Intel graphics. When I use the graphics button to switch back to the nVidia card, I get the dialog about changing modes, but the graphics mode doesn't switch.

I can select the icon for the graphics in the Windows tray instead of the graphics button and click the increase performance link. A dialog appears that indicates that I need to stop ACEngSvr.exe and sometimes, RAVCpl64.exe. I open Task Manger and stop ACEngSvr.exe, but it starts back up again. In order to switch back to the nVidia card, I have to reboot.

I have the latest Power4gear, 1.1.31. Installed and reinstalled the Asus graphics driver. nVidia Control Center works. I uninstalled and reinstalled P4G. No improvements.

Any idea why this is happening? I had installed the latest nVidia driver by modifying the Asus driver using the instructions found in this thread. I removed those drivers and reinstalled the Asus driver. I'm not sure if that had anything to do with this issue. Thanks

 

Is there a way to emulate a DVD burner so I can make a recovery DVD image?

 

I renamed ACEngSvr.exe so it wouldn't start up. I reinstalled the Realtek drivers. Now the graphics button works correctly.

I couldn't find what ACEngSvr.exe does, but the systems seems to work without it, at least for now. Sounds like something to do with power management. The new Realtek driver fixed the problem with RAVCpl64.exe.

In my power settings, I have the computer set to use the integrated graphics when on battery and the nVidia graphics when plugged in. I pulled the power plug and the it switched to the integrated graphics. Then it immediately switched back to the nVidia graphics.

 

Similar thing happened to me today too, but I can't switch at all.

It all worked fine till now. I could switch using any possible way. Today, out of thin air, my resolution changed to 1024x768. I changed it back and then I noticed that switch button stopped working (nothing poped up when I pressed) as well as tray icon switching. I was able to switch using advanced power settings tho.

I tried fixing the problem by reinstalling nVidia drivers and downgrading P4G from 1.31 to 1.24. Nothing helped. After that I made modified drivers following Itaru's instructions. Everything seemed to work fine, no resolution change after reboot and so on. What I did get, after first windows load, was known graphics switching screen and it all went back to integrated chip. From then on I wasn't able to switch in any way I could think of.

I can see "green boomerang" icon in tray, but it's stuck on intel.

I'll try more reinstalling after this. What bothers me the most is that it just stopped working. I didn't install anything new for a while now, apart from windows update, so I have no idea how to prevent this from happening in future.

Help.

Edit: I'll try msmcintosh's solution now.

Edit2: ACEngSvr.exe doesn't exist on my system. I don't get any error msgs anyway.

 

thanks for the input. but after failing so many times yesterday with the virtual blank dvd and burner, ive decided just to recover all the way back to manufacture settings and then uninstall all the bloatware manually.

does anyone know how to change the function keys? i want to make the fn+ arrow keys (the one that control music/video playback etc.) to work with zune player but everytime i press it, it opens windows media player instead.

 

I opened my laptop and it woke up from hibernating, although I had turned that off. I tested the graphics button and it was still working. I removed the power plug and this time it switched to the integrated graphics. When I plugged it back in, it switched to the nVidia graphics. I tried this a couple of times and it worked. I hope it stays working.

Sorry Wisse that you are still having problems.

 

should i just update all my drivers? or are some drivers buggy if i update to the latest?

i find that on intergrated graphics + P4G battery saver, the graphics look ugly, not sharp or right. the color is off too. does this happen to anyone else?

edit: if i swap to a different battery setting and switch back to the P4G battery saver, it makes my wallpaper a white asus default background. why doesnt it save my original wallpaper

 

Seems like ACEngSvr.exe is part of the Asus mainboard utility. I don't think that it's part of the default software installed on Asus notebooks, so someone probably installed it. In any case, it's certainly not required for regular functioning, so renaming it to something will not break anything.

You can try reinstalling the ATK drivers and utilities, and then install P4GH last. I believe the ATK software is what controls the GraphX boost button, so it probably got corrupted somehow. I think there's a certain order in installing the ATK software:
1. ATKACPI driver
2. ATK Generic Function Service Utility
3. ATK Hotkey utility
4. ATKOSD2 utility
5. ATK Media utility
6. Keyboard device filter utility
7. Power4Gear Hybrid 1.1.25

Good luck!

I've found any version of Power4Gear Hybrid higher than v.1.1.25 to be buggy. Other than that, you should get the latest version of official drivers. And yes, with integrated graphics and battery saver mode, the graphics look like crap to save power. That's a feature of Intel graphics. As for the background, set the Battery Saving Desktop to No in Power4Gear to make it look less crappy.

 

The graphics look ugly because of Intel's power saving options. Luckily, there is a solution:

1. Right click on desktop -> Graphics properties
2. Go to Display Settings in the left menu
3. Press the Power Options-button to the right
4. Choose the most bottom alternative in the slider, and press Change Options
5. Disable Intel(R) Display Power Saving Technology

 

where would i find the drivers for the above 1-7? i looked in device manager but i cant find the ATK drivers or the other ones anywhere

EDIT: nm i found the ATK drivers. its under keyboards right?

 

I hate P4G so much. I wanted to use battery saving, but as you said everything becomes ugly and unreadable. You can disable wallpaper switching (P4G settings, below sleep, hybernate, screen off... times), but theme still goes to that ugly white-ish with very bright text so there's way too little contrast for me to use it properly.
I would like to be able to check what I want profiles to change compared to previous settings. Like for example, I wouldn't want any of the power modes to change currently set brightness and windows looks. I would just like to set CPU to maximum savings.
Does anyone know how to do that?

I managed to get it working, thx for help tho.
What I did was uninstall nVidia drivers and P4G, then used driver cleaner. Of course I kept rebooting in between. After that I installed nVidia back which actually made my Win partially freeze after it was done (taskbar aka explorer.exe if it's still called like that), but after hard reset everything looked ok. Then I installed P4G.
Now I've got working factory drivers witch working dedicated switch button. I still can't switch gpu using "boomerang" icon tho. I had that option before, which is rly strange.

I'll let you know if things go wrong again.

Thx

 

Hey guys, I've got the flash 10.1 DXVA to work - thanks to the registry setting provided here (enabling PhysX, and of course updating the Nvidia drivers...), but is it possible also to get the DXVA working also for the INtel drivers?

Has anybody got that to work?
It seems that the INtel 4 series should be able to DXVA with flash 10.1 according to the release notes of Flash 10.1 ...

 

Delete Post, wrong model..

 

Emulate not, but You can connect DVD burner from another computer by network using iSCSI interface and then AI Recovery works. You need install Alcohol software on computer which has DVD burner and share it using Alcohol. Then on notebook you can connect DVD burner by iSCSI initiator (from Control Panel). It's works for me.

PS. Before writing AI Recovery creates ISO files on HDD so you can copy them, so you don't need burn DVD by network which can be slowly.

 

Seems to me the easiest solution is to buy a 5.25" external drive bay ($25), toss in an old DVD burner from a desktop machine, and viola! instant portable DVD drive.

 

..or just buy this and be done with it?

http://www.amazon.com/SDRW08D1SUB-I...9?ie=UTF8&s=electronics&qid=1271023823&sr=8-9

 

You guys are just makin' fun of peeps w/out optical drives...

I agree 100%!!

Sent from rex's iPhone 3G

 

I reinstalled Windows 7, everything seems to be working OK, except that I have two microphone devices. They seem to take turns working, so if I set Skype to one or the other half the time it's not working. I have a workaround by disabling one of them, but I should just have one microphone, no? I tried uninstalling my audio device and both microphones came back.

Also, the button to switch graphics chips doesn't work after I resume from sleep mode. In order to get graphics switching working again I have to hibernate or reboot. Does anyone else get that?

 

That is truly bizarre! Two mics? In Device Manager?

Have you tried disabling the 'extra one' in Device Manager, ie uninstalling it completely? Is that what you did, and then it "comes back"? Please explain further and let's get it solved...

I think I can help if you detail a bit more of what is going on, and where these two mics are physically in the system, or if it's just one appearing twice...

 

Here it is:



I only have one sound card device, which I tried uninstalling but I still got two microphones in the end:



If I disable the second mic in the Recording Devices screen I think everything works fine. If I don't, sometimes one is working and one isn't.

 

Hi! I recently recieved this Laptop from Amazon. I ordered the Asus UL30VT-X1. I expected a 4400mhA battery however I have a 5600mhA battery included in mine.

Did anyone have the same??

 

In PowerGear4. Can anyone explain what the following settings do:
-Intel DPST Control
-Minimum Processor State
-Maximum Processor State

Also, is there a way to save all the settings and then import them (say after an upgrade).

Thanks

 

mine is same.


mitt

 

Can anyone confirm - does your fan run all the time? Even when running on battery in entertainment mode and not doing anything, mine does, and I can't remember if it did that from day 1.


Thanks.

mitt

 

No sir, mine does not. You can change the active/passive cooling profiles in advanced settings within P4G and see if that makes a difference. Also, do you have any temperature monitoring software that has delta thresholds that may be causing the fans to run continuously?

 

Ok, Ready for clean install.

I have $75-WD500GB drive in the mail. Today I set up old 4GB Cruser with downloaded W7 iso (digital river) using MS USB tool and tested for boot, NP. When drive arrives I will install on this and pull working original internal drive for safe keeping. This set up, with my apps and files, allows for quick swap if new drive or fresh install develops problems.

This will be the first time I have used a USB drive for new install and not sure I can trust the downloaded iso. I'm on the road a lot so don't mind having a second drive, idle, but ready. The last time I cloned a (set up) drive, it took 6 hours, for a 250 gig image using eSata to eSata, ugh!

Anyone see a problem with D.River ISO? I plan on using my laptop keys for same version of W7.

Tia

 

Many folks have used that file successfully for installs, so I think you're Golden there...no worries. I hear you about Cloning your old HD...my Paragon Partition Manager 10.x took overnight (12+ hours) last time I Cloned the entire boot HD system including the Recovery Partition (that's what takes so long, fyi), and it still hung at the end of finishing the Recovery Partition.

Nevertheless the Clone was good, and I just used regedit to *fix* a couple Reg entries that were hosed, and all was well. I'd been using that setup, the Cloned Hitachi 500GB 16MB Cache 7200RPM HD right up until I got my SSD for the UL30VT-X1...and for that situation I did a Clean Install, still have the Hitachi HD sitting here as a backup, just in case.

On a sad/sour note, I wanted to initially use the 8GB of RAM from the UL30VT-X1 in my newest Asus, an N71JQ-A1 Core i7 720QM job that is due here on Thursday, so last night I set about getting the UL30VT changed out, and ready for my work this week, also. Installed the OEM Hynix 2 x 2GB=4GB SODIMM set, and .....Nothing! Computer wouldn't boot, this off a fresh, quick Clone by Paragon's newest utility, Hard Drive Manager 2010, which only took about 45 minutes to the OEM 5400RPM Seagate HD from the SSD...quick!!

At first I thought that the Clone had gone South, but nope, I checked it with Paragon Emergency Boot CD/Boot Ini Checker and all was good, so then I changed the RAM back to the 8GB setup and BAM! It started right up...so somehow, no idea how it happened, the RAM was literally only sitting in their anti-static RAM-specific Super Talent RAM carriers for a couple weeks, and it went bad! Go figure! I never even touched it, it just sat in my drawer, safe and sound, and yet when I installed it BAM! DOA, dead as a doornail, both SODIMMs.

Anybody ever have something like that happen? WEIRDNESS!

So now the UL30VT is on its way up to Asus in Fremont, CA, RMA/Tech Support, because Asus would not simply replace those two bad DIMMs, they want the whole notebook to check out, Damn! Got an instant RMA/FedEx Call Tag/Address Labels, the whole 9 yards in about 5 minutes from Asus Tech Support, this @ 2AM PST, the middle of the night no less! So their 24/7 Tech Support Guarantee works! :yes:

They were very nice, actually, I had a lady tech engineer also, so that was KUHL...but no UL30VT for a couple weeks, I guess, Dang! I asked them to "Not Recover" the HD, so hopefully they will leave my installation alone, since it works so well, and has no bloatware in it, and just replace that bad RAM, and all will be well..we'll see right?

Anyway, didn't mean to hijack the thread with my own sad tale of woe with the UL30VT-X1, but there you go...Asus Tech Support does indeed work 24/7, and they will issue an RMA and get things handled pretty quickly if you have an emergent problem like I did with the bad RAM, out of nowheresville! I honestly cannot explain that failure, because it just never moved out of my drawer...it's the Voodoo, I tell ya!

Without further ado, I await the arrival of the new N71JQ-A1, and will install 8GB RAM+ the Intel X25-M SSD into it immediately, and a 2nd Hitachi 500GB 7200RPM HD I have, getting rid of the OEM Seagate 320GB x 2 setup, and life will be aok fine again, after Thursday/Friday anyway.

I really miss the UL30VT though, had to resurrect my Sony VAIO for work this week, and it's a big boy compared to the svelte UL30VT, so that's a drag...OK, I'm done with this sad tale now, but that's what happened in one, fell swoop to my UL30VT last night...from aok fine one moment, to boxed, and shipped to Asus today in the AM via FedEx Saver from Southern California.

I will miss that notebook a bunch, and of course already do...

 

Hi guys,

I've been lurking here while making up my mind as to which thin and light notebook I wanted to purchase (Sony Y series, Lenovo Thinkpad Edge, Dell Inspiron 13z, HP 5310M). I finally settled on a UL30VT owing to its superior specs for the price. I opened it up this morning and so far I'm really impressed with the size, design and weight. But I'm not so impressed with the keyboard. It has a significant amount of rattle coming from the left hand side when I type. It is even noticable when the unit is placed down on a desk, suggesting that the left hand side of the unit it considerably looser.

I would appreciate any advice as to whether this noise is common to the UL30VT? I inspected a few UL80VT's while I was trying to make my mind up and found that they also had quite a bit of rattle but thought that the tighter chasis on the UL30VT would be okay. I've checked against some other notebooks such as my partner's K50IN and they are much quieter - even my ancient Toshiba 486/25 (kept for nostalgia) has no rattle. It's extremely disappointing to get a new model that performs such as this.

I'm contemplating cutting my loses and selling the machine and getting one of the other brands I investigated, or an alternatively purchasing an external screen/keyboard for when I type assignments (I could probably live with the rattle outside of these circumstances) and would thus really appreciate any advice.

Cheers.

 

I will try that, and no, I do not have any other temperature software running.

Seems these Asus laptops have a lot of quirks about them.

thanks,


mitt

 

I own 3 Asus machines (1000HE, ul30vt-x1, G50vt, and none have any 'quirks'. I think the difference is a lot of folks are wiping the drives and doing a clean O/S install, then having issues with the custom hardware on the computer. All I've done is clean out some of the bloatware, but kept the original OEM drive image. No problems at all.

I wiped the G50 (it came with *gag* Vista 64 bit), and installed Win7 on it. I did have some issues with the LED display panel, but later resolved that with a patch provided on the Asus website.

 

No, I only got the 4400mah battery. I wish I had received a 5600mah, but the 4400mah does provide me with a good 5-6 hours of runtime on the Intel video with the processor on battery mode.

 

I have not done anything other than create user accounts, install open office & chrome. I see little quirks with the graphics boost button between the admin account and other accounts. I also see differences on the way the battery life is displayed between accounts. Now my fan runs softly all the time. And, when coming from sleep or hibernate, the screen flashes several times.

mitt

 

AFAIK the only time I can see TWO sticks go bad at same time is static. Depending on state of MOBO you may have gotten bit exiting or entering headers? ..or some how the carriers were not Anti static?

At least they were instantly dead, not the "slow intermittent death" kind which can drive a person mad

Thanks for response, no worring about hyjacking this thread. The topics change like the wind..

 

It seems that the keyboards are the biggest complaint on the UL series.

That said, mine does not rattle. You, as I have, can use toothpicks to unlatch the four top latches and gently rock the keyboard back. The rattle may becoming from a slightly bowed keyboard which is very thin.

This may be far more than you feel comfortable to be doing so you may call Asus but expect to send it in or at least start a ticket on it and wait for further problems to surface.

 

I checked, and my on batter cooling is already set to passive. The fan is barely noticeable, but still I wish it wasn't on at all.


mitt

 

Thanks for the response, also, from here, it's appreciated. And yes, topics do tend to change here rather instantly at times, sighhh, but so be it, this is the "owner's lounge" and as we see fit, within reason, so it shall be.

True about it being an "instant death" to those two SODIMMs, rather than anything intermittent or hard to pin down quickly, which *can* happen with RAM problems, more often than not! That can drive one slightly batty, yes? I know the situation well, having faced it before.

As for the carriers, they are the OEM Super Talent 8GB RAM Set carriers, and I've also had the Super Talent RAM in them for various periods since I got them, for adjustments and other issues of importance, and that Super Talent RAM is still 100% aok fine as of right now, sitting in the carriers until Thursday-- the arrival of the Asus Core i7 720QM-CPU'd N71 notebook, so I hope and pray to God that the carriers *are* in fact still anti-static, and sufficient to store RAM in. :yes:

I honestly cannot imagine otherwise, but anything is possible I guess, so let's all pray that the RAM stays Golden until its installation in the N71 on Thursday, along with my SSD which sits inside my USB/SATA notebook HD enclosure, protected to the MAXX with the enclosure inside of a large anti-static bag, in my top drawer in the 'garage studio's computer desk', a very, very safe and sound place to be...nobody will disturb it there!

Overall, this group of participants in the UL30VT thread seem to be very experienced and resourceful folks. Seems that we're all pretty much experienced users, been through the "wars" with notebooks at one time or another, each and every one of us, and we're very careful with respect to installs and their complexities, so that's a good thing! :rolleyes2:

Just because I've got an N71 coming tuit suite as it is on Thursday does *not* mean I'm abandoning my membership here, as the UL30VT group is very tech savvy and interesting to hang out with from my perspective. The notebooks are indeed prone to various small "quirks", not serious mind you, but quirks nonetheless, that all of us seem to be able to deal with quite well overall, and it does take a little finagling at times, but I honestly enjoy my UL30VT-X1 very much and wouldn't trade it for anything, it's such a fun, efficient, and noteworthy workhorse for me, just does everything I ask of it without fanfare, traumas, or difficulties, as advertised. :smile:

I will be (if all proves to be great with the coming N71 notebook) installing the smaller Intel X25-M 80GB SSD (retail box version, so trouble-free and nicely packaged and shipped) into my UL30VT-X1, as I find the small form-factor lappy to be just perfect for "throw it in the car and go" situations, and won't be changing it out for anything in the near future. I am, as they say, an extremely happy and loyal owner right now. So I miss it tonight, and will tomorrow, and each day until I get it back from Asus, all ready to rock 'n roll again.

It does so much so well, that I have to label it once again the creme-of-the-crop Top Dog in the 13" small form-factor PC notebook category, and it's just a pleasure to use for anything and everything I do. It's there on the $$$ with my wife's 13.3" MBPro for utility, feature set, performance, and it eclipses the Mac in terms of the overall GUI experience factor and graphics power/versatility. I won't go out on a limb and say it's better than the Mac, but it sure is its equal, in every significant way I know how to rate a notebook, so great job, Asus! Congrats on the fantastic UL30VT-series, and all that it does, and is capable of doing! :yes:

It sure don't cost $1500+ either, so there Asus does win the battle for the buck, the almighty dollar$! I honestly cannot think of a significant thing I'd change it to make it better than it already is, for the $$'s, save for a lighted keyboard perhaps...that it *could use* to complete the package 100%, but it's still my No.1 pick for 13" or under notebooks, bar none.

Great job Asus, if, you're reading this, now don't disappoint us on the coming "J" series UL30, por favor!

 

Maybe the clips that hold the keyboard aren't in securely. You can also use some double sided tape or something under it to make it more secure

 

My Lordie, a complaint about keyboard "rattle" no less...that would indeed be disturbing, and it's something that I'd immediately call the Asus 888# about, anytime 24/7 they are there, and you should tell them exactly what is going on and pursue it with Tech Support there at Asus.

I cannot imagine what the deal is with your notebook, as mine does NOTHING like that, at all. My keyboard is tight, and no flex or noises or "rattle" sound, nothing at all like that going on or I'd have sent it back or got it fixed...I type at an incredible rate (100+ WPM under deadlines) as I write for a living, along with my other responsibilities in the publishing house I work for, but typing is No.1 qualification for any notebook/keyboard that I use, and my UL30VT-X1's keyboard is just sublime for my purposes, ie I have nothing but PRAISE for it, its action (approximately 1.5mm travel per keystroke by measurement, which is purrrfect for any keyboard's stroke), and its smooth nature when typing very fast. :wink:

If my keyboard were doing what yours seems to be, I'd definitely *do something* about it apart from posting here in the group, as you may have a defective mounting point, broken tab, or some other anomaly going on that is making this happen, because mine is as I said virtually purrrfect in all respects: action, noise, lack of flex, and keystroke length.).

CALL ASUS! Their 24-hour telephone number is 1-888-678-3688. I'd call them immediately, or whenever you have a few minutes of free time to discuss, and document this issue for the nice Tech Support people at Asus...I found them to be most helpful when I had a RAM issue @ 1:00 AM in the morning this past Monday (yesterday), and had my issue handled in just a few short minutes, and an RMA arranged quickly, all packing instructions, paperwork, emails, addresses exchanged, down, and dirty in just a couple minutes once we had troubleshot the issue and nailed the cause down to bad RAM modules.

I think you will find Asus Tech Support most competent, and helpful when you call for this serious issue, and it's something you need to do immediately!

If your notebook has a broken retaining clip, keyboard restraint tab, or other physical defect they will get it back up to Fremont, CA's Tech Support Facility on their dime, ie they pay shipping both ways, and will get to work solving this for you, so go for it, and please let us know how it turns out. I will be very interested in your results, so by all means post back here after calling Asus! :yes:

Good luck, and hope this has helped motivate you to call Tech Support, your friends at Asus Tech!

 

My GF's UL30VT had the exact same issue with it's keyboard. Very annoying, I agree. It's a defect with the keyboard itself, no amount of tape or anything will fix it. I ended up buying her the backlit keyboard replacement. Even though I'm not using the backlight option, the keyboard itself just feels a lot nicer and best of all, it's just as quiet as my Z's keyboard

not an ideal solution, but if this is your only dealbreaker with the laptop, just know there's an easy $20 solution after fixing replacing the keyboard, haven't had a single issue with it, she loves it to death!

 

Yep, my backlit keyboard is on the way from china..

 

y from china?? it's only $25 to get it in the US thru Asus

 

maybe i ask where can i get one? i tried amazon.

 

I paid $20..umm I think Asus get's theirs from China as well

The Asus site was sold out the last time I checked so I looked here:

http://forum.notebookreview.com/showthread.php?t=465841&highlight=backlit+keyboard

 

OK, clean install complete on new $75 WD Blue 500GB bare drive. This was fun… never used the USB method before.

I used the included Asus drivers and utilities disk image to install only “needed” utilities and hot key services.

After all completed, my results were like my other laptops. Nothing really “blazing” faster; just a slightly cleaner registry and Boot times as before. I used CCleaner with good results on original drive.

I used my trusty Thermaltake Drive Dock to transfer a lot of files off original back-up drive so this saves a lot of time gathering files.

This will hold me at least till the 250GB SSDs hit the $200 mark

 

Is there any alternative drivers which lets you use pinch zoom, swipe, etc. with the Elan Smartpad?

 

mine stopped working.. I do not know why but then again i only use a wireless mouse.

 

You guys might want to search through the older post. Lots of mice and smartpad info.

I use BT M$5000 mouse. No problems other than a set of battries every 40 days. Have you tried moving wireless dongle location?

 

i tried default, disable, enable, tick, untick. The only thing that works it that i can move the crosshair with the trackpad but cant scroll up and down and etc. Everything works fine in Express gate tho.

 

for those of you using the backlit keyboard... has anyone noticed an impact on battery life? And can you disable the lighting without desoldering the leads

EDIT: nevermind... answered in thread.

 

Im thinking about getting this laptop now since the price for it is dropping very nicely and I could use the rest of my $1000 budget to buy an SSD+monitor which will probably make me happier than having only a Ul30JT (if it ever comes out)

I just have some questions that need to be answered that will influence my buying decision.

One of them is how does the UL30VT perform in battery saving mode (SU7300 at stock speed)? Im going to be using this laptop off A/C a lot because i will be commuting to campus daily and will need as many hours as i can get from the battery, however does the laptop feel super sluggish when off a/c?

For example does it take a while for programs to open and do you notice lag in doing simple activities like playing youtube videos? I only ask because i currently own a HPTX200z and the machine performs fine while on a/c power but once switched to battery saving mode and off a/c, opening up microsoft word takes like 2 minutes and sometimes when i type the words will lag behind and it really annoys me. I wanted to know if the SU7300 is also significantly slower when not in turbo mode.